Linuxeden开源社区| 导读 | MQ全称为Message Queue, 消息队列（MQ）是一种应用程序对应用程序的通信方法。应用程序通过读写出入队列的消息（针对应用程序的数据）来通信，而无需专用连接来链接它们。消息传递指的是程序之间通过在消息中发送数据进行通信，而不是通过直接调用彼此来通信，直接调用通常是用于诸如远程过程调用的技术。排队指的是应用程序通过 队列来通信。队列的使用除去了接收和发送应用程序同时执行的要求。其中较为成熟的MQ产品有IBM WEBSPHERE MQ等等。 |
RabbitMQ 简介
- 安装RabbitMQ的消息代理软件,实现了AMQP(高级消息队列协议)
- RabbitMQ 教程： http://www.rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html
- RabbitMQ 安装：http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html
- RabbitMQ 专栏：http://blog.csdn.net/column/details/rabbitmq.html
# Install from EPEL
[root@vdevops~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install rabbitmq-server
[root@vdevops~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server
[root@vdevops /]# journalctl -xe
Nov 12 01:30:01 vdevops.org CROND[3856]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: DIAGNOSTICS
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: ===========
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: attempted to contact: [rabbit@vdevops]
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: rabbit@vdevops:
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: * unable to connect to epmd (port 4369) on vdevops: timeout (timed out)
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: current node details:
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: - node name: rabbitmqctl3831@vdevops
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: - home dir: /var/lib/rabbitmq
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org rabbitmqctl[3831]: - cookie hash: s++dDMtIhAufFItw+ercBw==
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org polkitd[1007]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:3798:36632 (system bus name :1.23, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8) (disconnected f
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service: control process exited, code=exited status=2
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Failed to start RabbitMQ broker.
-- Subject: Unit rabbitmq-server.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit rabbitmq-server.service has failed.
--
-- The result is failed.
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Unit rabbitmq-server.service entered failed state.
Nov 12 01:30:04 vdevops.org systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service failed.
Nov 12 01:30:42 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Got automount request for /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc, triggered by 3860 (find)
Nov 12 01:30:42 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Mounting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System...
-- Subject: Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has begun starting up.
Nov 12 01:30:42 vdevops.org systemd[1]: Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
-- Subject: Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount has finished starting up.
--
-- The start-up result is done.
rabbitmq-server启动报错：Failed to start RabbitMQ broker
度娘解析：主机hostname配置错误，原本hostname为vdevops.org,更改为vdevops，修改hosts文件中hostname设置
[root@vdevops /]# hostnamectl set-hostname vdevops # hostname更改重启启动rabbitmq-server
[root@vdevops /]# systemctl status rabbitmq-server
● rabbitmq-server.service - RabbitMQ broker
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sat 2016-11-12 01:32:41 CST; 3min 58s ago
Process: 3831 ExecStop=/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmqctl stop (code=exited, status=2)
Main PID: 3891 (beam)
CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq-server.service
├─3891 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-5.10.4/bin/beam -W w -K true -A30 -P 1048576 -- -root /usr/lib64/erlang -progname erl -- -home /var/lib/rabbitmq -- -pa /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.3.5/sbin/../ebin -nos...
├─3908 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-5.10.4/bin/epmd -daemon
├─3963 inet_gethost 4
└─3964 inet_gethost 4
Nov 12 01:32:39 vdevops systemd[1]: Starting RabbitMQ broker...
Nov 12 01:32:39 vdevops systemd[1]: rabbitmq-server.service: Got notification message from PID 3908, but reception only permitted for main PID 3891
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: RabbitMQ 3.3.5. Copyright (C) 2007-2014 GoPivotal, Inc.
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ## ## Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ## ##
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ########## Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@vdevops.log
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ###### ## /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@vdevops-sasl.log
Nov 12 01:32:40 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: ##########
Nov 12 01:32:41 vdevops systemd[1]: Started RabbitMQ broker.
Nov 12 01:32:41 vdevops rabbitmq-server[3891]: Starting broker... completed with 0 plugins.
[root@vdevops~]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rabbitmq-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service.
防火墙设置
[root@linuxprobe~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=5672/tcp --permanent
success
[root@linuxprobe~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
要使用RabbitMQ，请先添加用户
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl add_user linuxprobe password Creating user "linuxprobe" ... ...done. [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl list_users Listing users ... guest [administrator] linuxprobe [] ...done. # granting admin role to a user is like follows [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl change_password linuxprobe strongpassword Changing password for user "linuxprobe" ... ...done. # granting admin role to a user is like follows [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl set_user_tags linuxprobe administrator Setting tags for user "linuxprobe" to [administrator] ... ...done. # deleting a user is like follows [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl delete_user linuxprobe Deleting user "linuxprobe " ... ...done.
要使用RabbitMQ，也要添加虚拟主机
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl add_vhost /my_vhost Creating vhost "/my_vhost" ... ...done. [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl list_vhosts Listing vhosts ... / /my_vhost ...done. [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl delete_vhost /my_vhost Deleting vhost "/my_vhost" ... ...done.
给虚拟主机的用户授予权限，请如下配置
# rabbitmqctl set_permissions [-p vhost] [user] [permission ? (modify) (write) (read)] [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p /my_vhost linuxprobe ".*" ".*" ".*" Setting permissions for user "linuxprobe" in vhost "/my_vhost" ... ...done. # [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl list_user_permissions linuxprobe Listing permissions for user "linuxprobe" ... /my_vhost .* .* .* ...done. # deleting permission of a specific user is like follows [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqctl clear_permissions -p /my_vhost linuxprobe Clearing permissions for user "linuxprobe" in vhost "/my_vhost" ... ...done.
RabbitMQ：使用Web UI
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management The following plugins have been enabled: mochiweb webmachine rabbitmq_web_dispatch amqp_client rabbitmq_management_agent rabbitmq_management Plugin configuration has changed. Restart RabbitMQ for changes to take effect. [root@vdevops ~]# systemctl restart rabbitmq-server
客户端访问
rabbitmqadmin使用
可以配置RabbitMQ使用rabbitmqadmin命
在Web UI上下载rabbitmqadmin。 登录到Web UI并移动到“http：//（主机名或IP地址）：15672 / cli”，然后显示以下屏幕，您可以在这里下载rabbitmqadmin，点击here右键保存rabbitmqadmin.txt，然后上传到服务器上面更改为rabbitmqadmin，并添加执行权限
将rabbitmqadmin上传到RabbitMQ服务器并设置合适的权限，此示例显示如下设置
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/bin/rabbitmqadmin
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 36112 Nov 11 17:23 /usr/local/bin/rabbitmqadmin
[root@vdevops bin]# rabbitmqadmin list users
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
| name | password_hash | tags |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
| guest | k2rhpzCrZBKkY5WRhUWrGm5DCkg= | administrator |
| linuxprobe | P+YxK1QXIYrJpek5i//rPjn5SME= | administrator |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
[root@vdevops bin]# cd
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin list users
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
| name | password_hash | tags |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
| guest | k2rhpzCrZBKkY5WRhUWrGm5DCkg= | administrator |
| linuxprobe | P+YxK1QXIYrJpek5i//rPjn5SME= | administrator |
+------------+------------------------------+---------------+
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin list vhosts
+-----------+---------+
| name | tracing |
+-----------+---------+
| / | False |
| /my_vhost | False |
+-----------+---------+
rabbitmqadmin 更多使用教程参考：http://www.rabbitmq.com/management-cli.html
[root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare user name=centos password=password tags=administrator user declared [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare permission vhost=/vhost01 user=centos configure=".*" write=".*" read=".*" *** vhost_or_user_not_found [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare vhost name=/vhost01 vhost declared [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin declare permission vhost=/vhost01 user=centos configure=".*" write=".*" read=".*" permission declared [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password declare queue name=my_queue01 queue declared [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password publish routing_key=my_queue01 payload='Hello RabbitMQ World!' exchange=amq.default Message published [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password get queue=my_queue01 requeue=false +-------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+ <>| routing_key | exchange | message_count | payload | payload_bytes | payload_encoding | properties | redelivered | +-------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+ | my_queue01 | | 0 | Hello RabbitMQ World! | 21 | string | | False | +-------------+----------+---------------+-----------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+ [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password publish routing_key=my_queue01 payload='Hello LinuxProbe!' exchange=amq.default Message published [root@vdevops ~]# rabbitmqadmin -V /vhost01 -u centos -p password get queue=my_queue01 requeue=false +-------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+ | routing_key | exchange | message_count | payload | payload_bytes | payload_encoding | properties | redelivered | +-------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+ | my_queue01 | | 0 | Hello LinuxProbe! | 17 | string | | False | +-------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------+------------+-------------+
原文地址：http://www.linuxprobe.com/ethernet-channel-bonding.html作者：王辉，审核员：岳永